by Chevy-Lynn Vaske, Kansas State University Extension

Fog fever, a rapid-onset respiratory disease in cattle, is most commonly associated with sudden forage changes during the grazing season. In a recent Cattle Chat podcast episode, Kansas State University (K-State) beef cattle experts discussed how producers can recognize risk factors early and implement management strategies to reduce losses due to fog fever.

Also known as acute bovine pulmonary emphysema and edema (ABPEE), fog fever typically affects adult cattle within days of being moved from dry or low-quality forage to lush, high-protein pastures — particularly in the spring and fall.

The sudden dietary change triggers bacterial production of a compound that damages lung tissue, leading to severe breathing difficulties, frothing at the mouth, anxiety and, in many cases, death. The experts suggest there is no specific cure once clinical signs develop, placing emphasis on prevention.

“Understanding how cattle adapt to forage changes is key,” says K-State toxicologist Todd Gunderson. “If producers gradually introduce cattle to lush pasture — starting with only a few hours of access per day — it gives the rumen microbes time to adjust, which can significantly reduce the risk of fog fever.”

The experts highlight nutritional practices that help support rumen adaptation prior to turnout.

“Feeding quality dry hay for several days before grazing lush growth gives cattle a fuller rumen and slows the abrupt shift in diet that often triggers fog fever,” Gunderson says.

Prevention suggestions from the team include: